Magnetic surveys provide a cost-effective means for quickly
providing whole-site or specific-area investigations. Magnetometers are
highly portable, therefore, surveys can be
conducted over uneven te
rrain.
A magnetic survey accurately measures the earth's magnetic
field. Objects containing ferrous material create local perturbations in
the earth's field.
A magnetic gradiometer consists of a magnetometer equipped
with two sensors. The sensors are placed in a vertical orientation to measure
the vertical gradient in the earth’s magnetic field, or they can be placed in a
horizontal configuration to measure the horizontal gradient. A gradiometer is
ideally suited for detection of shallow ferromagnetic material because the
gradiometer accentuates the signal from objects which are at shallow depth while
ignoring distant features. In a gradiometer survey, no corrections are needed
for diurnal changes in the earth’s magnetic field because the diurnal changes
affect both sensors equally.