Application

 GPR Electrical Seismic ReMi Magnetic EM Gravity Downhole CSL Marine
Void detection X X X X   X
Locate underground utilities X   X X   X
Locate buried tanks and drums X   X X   X
Examine condition of sub-grades X X X  
Locate rebar in concrete X  
Map bedrock topography X X X X X   X
Locate seepage through dams X X   X
Locate fracture zones X X X   X
Determination of stratigraphy X X   X
Groundwater exploration  X X  
Mineral resource exploration X X X X   X
Sand, gravel, and hard rock exploration X X X   X
Buried metallic/magnetic objects X X X X   X
Determine shear wave velocity vs depth X X X  
Determine NEHRP/IBC Vs30 X X  
Determine p-wave velocity vs depth X X   X
Detect large boulders X X X  
Estimate rippability X  
Monitor changes in elastic properties X X   X
Liquefaction potential X X  
Soil compaction X X  
Subsurface geology X X X X X   X
Plan grounding grids X  
Map contaminant plumes X   X
Locate archaeological sites X X X  
Depth to the water table X X X  
Locate leakage from landfills X X   X
Delineate perched water tables X  
Detect subsurface caverns X X   X
Unexploded Ordinance (UXO) detection X X  
Locate buried landfills and trenches X X X X  
Forensics X       X X        
Basin geometry   X X       X     X
Evaluate drilled shafts