EARTH DYNAMICS | CSL

<body onload="dynAnimation()" background="_themes/earthdyn2/stonbk.jpg" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#003399" vlink="#800000" alink="#666666"><font face="Arial"> <p align="left" style="margin-top: -10; margin-bottom: 0"> <img border="0" src="_borders/logo3.jpg" align="left" width="66" height="87"><font size="7" color="#0000FF"><b><i> </i></b></font><b><i><font size="7" color="#0000FF">EARTH DYNAMICS</font></i></b></p> </font><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; float:right; position:absolute; left:734; top:-2" width="334" height="93" align="right"> <tr> <td width="334" height="68" valign="top"><font face="Arial"> <p style="margin-bottom: -15" align="center"><b><font color="#0000FF">Providing Consulting Services To</font></b></p> <p align="center"> <b> <font color="#0000FF">The Pacific Northwest Since 1984</font></b></p> <p align="center"> <b>503-227-7659</b></p> </font></td> </tr> </table><font face="Arial"> <blockquote> <p style="margin-top: -15; margin-bottom: 0" align="left"> <b> <font size="4" color="#0000FF">  </font>       Geophysics ● Vibration & Noise ● Rock Mechanics</b></p> </blockquote> <p> </p> <p align="center"> <script language="JavaScript"></script><script language="JavaScript"></script><a href="index.htm" language="JavaScript" onmouseover="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav1'].src=MSFPnav1h.src" onmouseout="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav1'].src=MSFPnav1n.src" target="_top"><img src="_derived/home_cmp_ed-mainpage010_hbtn.gif" width="144" height="46" border="0" alt="Home" align="middle" name="MSFPnav1"></a> <script language="JavaScript"></script><a href="Geophysical_Methods.htm" language="JavaScript" onmouseover="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav2'].src=MSFPnav2h.src" onmouseout="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav2'].src=MSFPnav2n.src" target="_top"><img src="_derived/Geophysical_Methods.htm_cmp_ed-methods-link010_hbtn.gif" width="144" height="46" border="0" alt="Geophysical Methods" align="middle" name="MSFPnav2"></a> <script language="JavaScript"></script><a href="Vibration_&_Acoustic.htm" language="JavaScript" onmouseover="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav3'].src=MSFPnav3h.src" onmouseout="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav3'].src=MSFPnav3n.src" target="_top"><img src="_derived/Vibration_&_Acoustic.htm_cmp_ed-mainpage010_hbtn.gif" width="144" height="46" border="0" alt="Vibration & Acoustic" align="middle" name="MSFPnav3"></a> <script language="JavaScript"></script><a href="Rock_Mechanics.htm" language="JavaScript" onmouseover="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav4'].src=MSFPnav4h.src" onmouseout="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav4'].src=MSFPnav4n.src" target="_top"><img src="_derived/Rock_Mechanics.htm_cmp_ed-mainpage010_hbtn.gif" width="144" height="46" border="0" alt="Rock Mechanics" align="middle" name="MSFPnav4"></a> <script language="JavaScript"></script><a href="Applications.htm" language="JavaScript" onmouseover="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav5'].src=MSFPnav5h.src" onmouseout="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav5'].src=MSFPnav5n.src" target="_top"><img src="_derived/Applications.htm_cmp_ed-mainpage010_hbtn.gif" width="144" height="46" border="0" alt="Applications" align="middle" name="MSFPnav5"></a></p> <p align="center"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/hline.gif" width="600" height="10"></p></font><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" width="100%"> <tr> <td width="123" height="330" valign="top"><font face="Arial"> <h5 align="left"> <font style="font-size: 9pt"> <a style="font-family: Arial; font-weight:400" dynamicanimation="fpAnimformatRolloverFP1" fprolloverstyle="color: #0000FF" onmouseover="rollIn(this)" onmouseout="rollOut(this)" language="Javascript1.2" href="Ground_Penetrating_Radar.htm"> <font color="#000000">GPR</font></a></font></h5> <p><font style="font-size: 9pt"> <a style="font-family: Arial; color: #000000" target="_top" href="Electrical_Resistivity.htm">Electrical Resistivity</a></font></p> <p><font style="font-size: 9pt"> <a style="color: #000000" href="Seismic_Refraction.htm">Seismic Refraction</a></font></p> <p><font style="font-size: 9pt"> <a style="color: #000000" href="ReMi_Shear_Wave.htm">ReMi<br>Shear Wave</a></font></p> <p><font style="font-size: 9pt"> <a style="color: #000000" href="Magnetics.htm">Magnetics</a></font></p> <p><a href="Electromagnetics.htm"><font style="font-size: 9pt" color="#000000">Electromagnetics</font></a></p> <p><a href="Gravity.htm"><font style="font-size: 9pt" color="#000000">Gravity</font></a></p> <p><font style="font-size: 9pt" color="#000000"> <a href="Downhole_Seismic.htm"> <font color="#000000">Downhole Seismic</font></a></font></p> <p><font color="#000000"><span style="font-size: 9pt"> <a href="Crosshole_Sonic_Logging.htm"><font color="#FF0000">CSL</font></a></span></font></p> <p><a href="Marine_Geophysics.htm"><font color="#000000" style="font-size: 9pt"> Marine<br>Geophysics</font></a></p> </font></td> <td width="902" height="330" valign="top"><font face="Arial"> <b> <h3 align="center">THE CROSSHOLE SONIC LOGGING (CSL) METHOD</h3> <div align="left"> </font><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" width="98%"> <tr> <td width="100%"><font face="Arial">The CSL method uses the propagation time and relative energy of an ultrasonic pulse between parallel access tubes to check the homogeneity and integrity of concrete structures.  Such structures include:<blockquote> </font><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tr><td valign="top" width="42"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/abstrbu2.gif" width="12" height="12" hspace="15" alt="bullet"></td><td valign="top" width="100%"><font face="Arial"><i>Bored Piles</i></font></td></tr> <tr><td valign="baseline" width="42"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/abstrbu2.gif" width="12" height="12" hspace="15" alt="bullet"></td><td valign="top" width="100%"><font face="Arial"><i>Drilled shafts</i></font></td></tr> <tr><td valign="baseline" width="42"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/abstrbu2.gif" width="12" height="12" hspace="15" alt="bullet"></td><td valign="top" width="100%"><font face="Arial"><i>Concrete Piles</i></font></td></tr> <tr><td valign="baseline" width="42"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/abstrbu2.gif" width="12" height="12" hspace="15" alt="bullet"></td><td valign="top" width="100%"><font face="Arial"><i>Augercast Piles</i></font></td></tr> <tr><td valign="baseline" width="42"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/abstrbu2.gif" width="12" height="12" hspace="15" alt="bullet"></td><td valign="top" width="100%"><font face="Arial"><i>Slurry Walls (Diaphragm Walls)</i></font></td></tr> <tr><td valign="baseline" width="42"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/abstrbu2.gif" width="12" height="12" hspace="15" alt="bullet"></td><td valign="top" width="100%"><font face="Arial"><i>Dams, Barrettes, etc...</i></font></td></tr> </table><font face="Arial"> </blockquote> <p>Testing is performed using two ultrasonic probes, one transmitter and one receiver, placed within vertical access tubes, plastic or steel, installed before pouring concrete or within boreholes drilled into the structure after concrete has cured.  The probes send and receive an ultrasonic signal that travels between the access tubes or boreholes through the concrete structure.  In high quality concrete this signal will travel with a velocity of approximately 12,000 ft/s - 14,000 ft/s, however, the presence of the following within the structure will disrupt the signal causing a decrease in signal velocity:</p> <blockquote> </font><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tr><td valign="top" width="42"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/abstrbu2.gif" width="12" height="12" hspace="15" alt="bullet"></td><td valign="top" width="100%"><font face="Arial"><i>Soil Inclusions</i></font></td></tr> <tr><td valign="baseline" width="42"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/abstrbu2.gif" width="12" height="12" hspace="15" alt="bullet"></td><td valign="top" width="100%"><font face="Arial"><i>Gravel</i></font></td></tr> <tr><td valign="baseline" width="42"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/abstrbu2.gif" width="12" height="12" hspace="15" alt="bullet"></td><td valign="top" width="100%"><font face="Arial"><i>Water</i></font></td></tr> <tr><td valign="baseline" width="42"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/abstrbu2.gif" width="12" height="12" hspace="15" alt="bullet"></td><td valign="top" width="100%"><font face="Arial"><i>Drilling mud</i></font></td></tr> <tr><td valign="baseline" width="42"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/abstrbu2.gif" width="12" height="12" hspace="15" alt="bullet"></td><td valign="top" width="100%"><font face="Arial"><i>Bentonite</i></font></td></tr> <tr><td valign="baseline" width="42"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/abstrbu2.gif" width="12" height="12" hspace="15" alt="bullet"></td><td valign="top" width="100%"><font face="Arial"><i>Voids</i></font></td></tr> <tr><td valign="baseline" width="42"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/abstrbu2.gif" width="12" height="12" hspace="15" alt="bullet"></td><td valign="top" width="100%"><font face="Arial"><i>Contaminated concrete</i></font></td></tr> <tr><td valign="baseline" width="42"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/abstrbu2.gif" width="12" height="12" hspace="15" alt="bullet"></td><td valign="top" width="100%"><font face="Arial"><i>Cracks</i></font></td></tr> <tr><td valign="baseline" width="42"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/abstrbu2.gif" width="12" height="12" hspace="15" alt="bullet"></td><td valign="top" width="100%"><font face="Arial"><i>Necking</i></font></td></tr> </table><font face="Arial"> </blockquote> <p>Within drilled shafts, several CSL tests are performed between a number of access tubes spaced evenly around the structure to adequately test all concrete within the rebar cage.  This also makes it possible to determine the approximate size of the defects listed above.</p> <p><i><b>Earth Dynamics</b></i> performs CSL testing in accordance with ASTM D6760-02  "<i>Standard Test Method for Integrity Testing of Concrete Deep Foundations by Ultrasonic Crosshole Testing</i>".</font></td> </tr> </table><font face="Arial"> </div> <h3 align="center"> </h3> </b> <p> </font></td> </tr> </table><font face="Arial"><p align="center"><img src="_themes/earthdyn2/hline.gif" width="600" height="10"></p> <p align="center" style="margin-bottom: -17; "> <script language="JavaScript"></script><a href="index.htm" language="JavaScript" onmouseover="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav6'].src=MSFPnav6h.src" onmouseout="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav6'].src=MSFPnav6n.src" target="_top"><img src="_derived/home_cmp_ed-global-010_hbtn.gif" width="95" height="20" border="0" alt="Home" align="middle" name="MSFPnav6"></a> <script language="JavaScript"></script><a href="Key_Personnel.htm" language="JavaScript" onmouseover="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav7'].src=MSFPnav7h.src" onmouseout="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav7'].src=MSFPnav7n.src" target="_top"><img src="_derived/Key_Personnel.htm_cmp_ed-global-010_hbtn.gif" width="95" height="20" border="0" alt="Personnel" align="middle" name="MSFPnav7"></a> <script language="JavaScript"></script><a href="Client_List.htm" language="JavaScript" onmouseover="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav8'].src=MSFPnav8h.src" onmouseout="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav8'].src=MSFPnav8n.src" target="_top"><img src="_derived/Client_List.htm_cmp_ed-global-010_hbtn.gif" width="95" height="20" border="0" alt="Client List" align="middle" name="MSFPnav8"></a> <script language="JavaScript"></script><a href="News.htm" language="JavaScript" onmouseover="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav9'].src=MSFPnav9h.src" onmouseout="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav9'].src=MSFPnav9n.src" target="_top"><img src="_derived/News.htm_cmp_ed-global-010_hbtn.gif" width="95" height="20" border="0" alt="News" align="middle" name="MSFPnav9"></a> <script language="JavaScript"></script><a href="Site_Map.htm" language="JavaScript" onmouseover="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav10'].src=MSFPnav10h.src" onmouseout="if(MSFPhover) document['MSFPnav10'].src=MSFPnav10n.src" target="_top"><img src="_derived/Site_Map.htm_cmp_ed-global-010_hbtn.gif" width="95" height="20" border="0" alt="Site Map" align="middle" name="MSFPnav10"></a></p> <p align="center" style="margin-bottom: -17; ">  </p> <p align="center" style="margin-bottom: -17; "> <u><b><i>Contact Information</i></b><i><b><font size="2"><br> </font></b></i></u><font size="2">2284 NW Thurman Street, Portland, Oregon  97210</font></p> <p align="center" style="margin-bottom: -17; margin-top:15"> <font size="2">voice: (503) 227-7659  fax: (503) 227-1074</font></p> <p align="center" style="margin-bottom: -17; margin-top:15">  </p> <p align="center" style="margin-top: 10"> <font size="1">Last modified: March 07, 2008</font></p> </font></body>